Carpinus betulus 'Columnaris Nana’ Dwarf European Hornbeam
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Carpinus betulus 'Columnaris Nana’ Dwarf European Hornbeam, also known as a Monument and a Pyrimidalis, is a rare, dwarf European hornbeam with a naturally narrow, pyramidal form. Discovered in Italy and still uncommon in the trade, 'Monument' develops a dense, upright column of green foliage from the base without requiring pruning. The alder-like leaves remain green through summer before turning a warm butter-yellow in fall. Slow growing and remarkably narrow, this distinctive hornbeam reaches approximately 8 feet tall and only 3–4 feet wide in 10 years, making it an excellent vertical accent for smaller gardens.
- Growth Habit: Upright, narrow, pyramidal
- 10-Year Size: Approximately 8 ft tall × 3–4 ft wide
- Growth Rate: Slow
- Foliage: Green, alder-like leaves held densely along the upright branches
- Fall Color: Butter yellow
- Origin: Discovered in Italy; still uncommon in the nursery trade
- Light: Full sun to partial shade
- Soil: Well-draining soil
- Hardiness: Zones 4–9
- Best Uses: Containers, small landscapes, foundation plantings, vertical accents, and collector gardens
- Garden Interest: Fall